= = = ZURAFA = = = Pegakibo 4th Edition By Jack Eisenmann = ALPHABET = There are 80 symbols, each of which contains a consonant followed by a vowel. Each symbol represents a single word; there are 80 words, one for each symbol. Symbols conform to a 7 segment format, similar to that used for numbers on an LCD display. X is pronounced like "sh", J is pronounced like "s" in "measure". - - - _ ' '_' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' GI BI DI MI RI FI XI SI - - - _ ' '_' ' ' ' ' ' '_ '_ '_ '_ '_ '_ '_ '_ GE BE DE ME RE FE XE SE - - - _ ' '_' ' ' ' ' ' _' _' _' _' _' _' _' _' GA BA DA MA RA FA XA SA - - - _ ' '_' ' ' ' ' ' '_' '_' '_' '_' '_' '_' '_' '_' GO BO DO MO RO FO XO SO - - - _ ' '_' ' ' ' ' ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ GU BU DU MU RU FU XU SU - - - _ '_ '_' _' _ _ '_ _' '_' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' KI PI TI NI LI VI JI ZI - - - _ '_ '_' _' _ _ '_ _' '_' '_ '_ '_ '_ '_ '_ '_ '_ KE PE TE NE LE VE JE ZE - - - _ '_ '_' _' _ _ '_ _' '_' _' _' _' _' _' _' _' _' KA PA TA NA LA VA JA ZA - - - _ '_ '_' _' _ _ '_ _' '_' '_' '_' '_' '_' '_' '_' '_' '_' KO PO TO NO LO VO JO ZO - - - _ '_ '_' _' _ _ '_ _' '_' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ KU PU TU NU LU VU JU ZU = GRAMMAR = There are three parts of speech: nouns, verbs, and descriptors. Nouns are things, objects, people, and places. Verbs are actions or relational operators. They are ALWAYS transitive (can accept a direct object). Descriptors act as both adjectives and adverbs; they can modify any part of speech. A period always ends a sentence. Word order follows the subject-verb-object paradigm: a noun before a verb performs the verb, a noun after a verb receives the verb's action. The subject and direct object are optional in a clause. If the subject is excluded, the clause becomes passive. A descriptor is placed after the word it describes. Numbers act as descriptors, and thus are placed after what they modify. Counting is in base 2. Descriptors can be grouped together so that they all describe the same word. Unlike in English, a conjunction is not required to do this; the word "and" is implied. = DICTIONARY = Each word is either a noun (N), verb (V), or descriptor (D). Etymology is given in brackets for many words. MI (N): y-axis; the direction extending horizontally forward. [XI + ZI] ME (N): method; way; means. ["method"] MA (N): material; substance. ["material"] MO (N): hole; void; empty volume. [O is shaped like a hole] MU (N): heat; warmth. [M and U are deep letters] NI (D): simple; easy. NE (D): organized; orderly. ["neat"] NA (N): wave. NO (N): action; process. NU (N): unit; meter; gram; newton; hertz; joule; degrees celsius. ["unit"] GI (N): probability; chance. ["KIGI" = luck] GE (N): you; the listener. ["KIGE" = you] GA (N): person; human. ["GAKE" = person] GO (N): to know; have knowledge of. ["REGO" = to know] GU (N): to be for; intended for; for the purpose of. ["KOGU" = to be for] KI (D): SN subject; extracts the subject from a situation noun. ["KI" = SN subject] KE (D): SN object; extracts the object from a situation noun. ["KE" = SN object] KA (V): to cause; make happen; create. ["TOKA" = to cause] KO (D): exact; precise. ["KORUBETA" = exact] KU (N): electricity; electrons; electric field. ["RUKUGE" = electricity] BI (D): large; big. ["BIKAPO" = large] BE (V): to want; desire. ["BE" = want] BA (D): opposite; negative; causes a word to have an inverse meaning. ["PA" = not] BO (V): to be about; concerning; pertaining to; related to; of. ["BOPUPU" = about] BU (D): one; singular. ["BU" = one] PI (V): to be relative to; than. ["KAPI" = relative to] PE (D): ranked; used for ordinal numbers. ["KAPERI" = ranked] PA (N): distance; length between two points in space or time. ["BAKOPA" = distance] PO (N): degree; extent; size; length of an object. ["KEPO" = to an extent] PU (N): position; place; location. ["PUBA" = place] DI (N): part; component. [I is a small letter] DE (D): decimal; used for fractions. ["decimal"] DA (D): bumpy; rough. [D is a hard sound] DO (N): solid. [D is a hard, weighty sound] DU (N): mass. [D is a weighty sound] TI (N): liquid. ["TITE" = water] TE (N): object; thing. ["TEGI" = thing] TA (V): to be in; inside; within; between; during. ["TA" = to be in] TO (D): the; a particular instance of; may precede an identification number. ["TO" = the] TU (N): quantity; number; amount. ["TURU" = quantity] RI (V): to reflect (something); deflect; bounce. ["RURIPABA" = reflect] RE (N): I/me; the speaker. ["RE" = I/me] RA (V): to have; possess. ["RAGI" = to have] RO (D): zero; none; not. ["RO" = zero] RU (D): same; identical. ["ROBURU" = to be equal to] LI (D): alive; living. ["live"] LE (D): flexible; soft. ["flexible"] LA (D): more; to a greater degree. LO (N): rotation; orientation; angle. [O is a circular letter] LU (V): to be in an xor relationship with; either one or the other, but not both. ["TIPOPU" = to be in an xor relationship with] XI (N): x-axis; the direction extending horizontally to the right. ["x" + MI + ZI] XE (V): to push; apply a force onto. ["shove"] XA (N): gas. [gas makes a shhhh sound] XO (V): to be an instance of; to be an example of; to be (something). ["show"] XU (D): real; actual; existing. ["sure"] JI (V): to taper to; be pointed to; vanish towards. [I is a pointy letter] JE (D): emphasis; draws attention to a word. [JE is an emphatic sound] JA (V): to sense; feel; perceive. JO (V): to be before; in rank or time. ["before"] JU (D): round; curved; bent. [a curve goes like a "jew"] FI (V): to bond to; connect to; stick to. FE (N): frequency; rate of repetition. ["frequency"] FA (N): symbol; representation; word; name. [FO] FO (N): shape; form. ["form"] FU (N): energy; fuel; food. ["food"] VI (N): surface; exterior. [I is a superficial letter] VE (N): velocity; rate of change in position. ["velocity"] VA (N): direction; path. VO (D): thickness; width. VU (N): time; a period of time or exact point in time. [I dislike time] SI (D): good. [I is a positive letter] SE (V): to be able to; can; have the potential for. SA (N): start; beginning. ["start"] SO (N): group; category. SU (V): to use; utilize. ["use"] ZI (N): z-axis; the direction extending vertically upward. ["z" + MI + XI] ZE (N): proton. [Z is an exotic letter] ZA (N): atom. [Z is an exotic letter] ZO (N): quality; kind; sort. [Z is an exotic letter] ZU (N): system. [Z is an exotic letter]